Internal-combustion engine.



W. I. TWOMBLY. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION F| LED FEB.-I, 1910. v Patented Apr. 11, 1916,

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INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION- FILED FEB. 1. I910;

Patented Apr; 11,1916, v

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5 JNVENTOR w I ATTOREY STATES PATENT, OFFICE;

WILLAjRn woM3LY,QoF NEW 263K, 1v. 2., AssmNom-BY MESNEASSIGNMENTSjTO Twentymswonsvcommy; or NEW ronx lvgy AeoRPoRATIoNoF NEW YORK,

IfiTiEItNAL-COMBUSTIONENGINE;

I Mithhiin I; Tivo'iIBLY; ted? States, i'es'idlng 1n Im'p m terntl-gonibustiofi' gine's; of which the i following is a desenp other parts t eal'seetion of a o nin Fig. I i11us a1 .andai s1? fitd'in, the. position "ii iii the} aiifetiofi iildi in sdid5fighre; Fig. 1v "hp'wing the 'positi'oh of crztnkhals advanced 270 (legi-ees vfror n'thegphsition.shovvn in Fig. I; Fig. Vis piitll s tionshiiwing the valve 09511 sectioh v In the-right and illusm mg ,h, v alv'eiin fn'aiin mning w gasi tight ]0l I1C 2 throlijgli'jthe vel've" for operation of the piston 'rod therein. Fig. VI is a partial side 55 elevation of the valve as viewed from the takes;

tew g the piston rod in "dt'ziking; up wear in the Patented Apr. 11'; 1916.

I Applieation filed Febi'uary 1, 1910." Serial Nb; 541,233.

left. VIIis at top plain; of'the piston showing-thettrrangenientof'the inlet device and aEhorizontal section ofthe cylinder;

v Referring to the---=draWings,:-particular1y I h p Fig; I; lfrep'resnts a"base;fi'anfie, orvcasting, '60

adapted *t'o' slipport the engine; and carry the poition 2 soj sheped a sto 'f orm ax: proper crank ezts'ewhieh-isp vide'd 'with the 3' ourv'id ed vvith theexpandedpoiti'om=or=seeonda'r'y. piston; 14- working irigthe cylinder "15 vin suhh irm'1111er*a t vwill"hereinafterv more \hichi will? hefeinefteitifior e plainly ap- The' piston 1 1 is provided with thethaliof explosive" jnii'xtmyef jwhieh will here a ten be explained; The piston 14 of j'be provided with-the usua1 rings as illnsjt-ihted; The rod 81 passes through the tain 'li h its Within the yoke 20 Ofathfl slide valve 21 This valve oper'ztting upon the plate 22 serves to" close the opening -23 int o the emnk case at e11 times and by its travel I A aaperat ing partsg'posi 't :enwte the crank has to and fro: "governs theopening and closing of the port 24 as willhereinafterv be. explaihed, The port 24 1eadsinto the chamber 25 whichmay be'cjonnected to 'any' suit able euiee'of ex losive mixture as 'by means 9 as to receive a portion of the heat therefrom and communicates with the interior of the cylinder through the port 28 when the same 18 uncovered by the piston, and at its lower erably made oi light spun copper which may be snugly fitted upon the cylinder casting and then have shrunk thereon, at the lower extremity, a steel ring 34 so as to form a water tight joint. The upper end of the cyl inder casting is provided with a hollow boss 35 into which is screwed the bushing 36 passing through the head of the jacket wall 31 in such manner as to firmly clamp that portion of the jacket wall between the bushing and the casting so as to make a water tight joint. This is preferably done by providing the boss 35 with an annular groove upon its surface and providing the bushing 36 with an annular tongue adapted to register. with thesaid groove and then, by screwing the bushing into the boss, crimp the shell 31 between the tongue and groove as illustrated.

The boss is provided with a threaded opening 37 communicating with the combustion chamber 13 while 38' represents the usual spark plug which may be screwed into the bushing 36 so as .to be in operative communication, through the opening 37, with the combustion chamber 13 within the inlet device 17 as will hereinafter be explained.

"39 represents one of the gibs used for holding the slide valve .21 in place. The arrangement of the side valve and gibs upon the plate 22 and the ports covered by the valv are very clearly illustrated in Fig, II.

The opera-tionof the valve 21 by the rod 8 is shown in Figs. IV and V to which fur- I ther reference will be made in describing the operation of the engine. In Fig. V the gibs 39 areshown in section as is also the slide valve 21 and plug 19. The sleeve 18'is screwed tightly into the plug 19 so as to form. a gas 'oint therein and held from backing by screw 40 and the plug is} ground tight 1 out as into the yoke 20 so as to form a tight joint and held in this position as by the spring 41 see also Fig. which is adjustable as by the screw 42 and presses upon the yoke 20 in such manner as to tend to move the slide valve 21 laterally so as to take up any wear between the plug and the yoke and maintain a gas tight joint therethrough. The piston rod 8 is provided with oil grooves 43 and when the engine is in operationl fill the lower portion2 of the crank case with l is oil and the splashing of. the crank in the oil s'ervesto throw theisame' against the piston rod 8 and the valve 21 in such manner as to keep the rod lubricated Within the bushing the chamber 29 and starting 1 with the various parts in the positions showniin Fig. i

I: If the shaft 4 be revolved in the direction indicated by the arrow, the valve 21 will be moved in a right-handed direction holding the port 24 closed (see Fig. III) and the pistons 11 and 14 will be brought down so as to create a partial vacuum in the chamber 13 and the pressure in the cylinder '15 will be somewhat raised. This will cause the air from said cylinder to flow through port 30 into the chamber 29, causing pressure therein. Provided there is no fuelin the chamber 29 from previous running, when the piston 11 has been sufliciently lowened to uncover the exhaust port 27, air will anter therethrough and fill the cylinder 12 and with a little further travel theinlet 110111.28 will be uncovered and then the air com pressed in the cylinder 15 will rush thmnlzfl'l ort 28 into the cyli er 12 and practically isplace the atmospheric air therein which will issue from theexhaust port 27, it being understood thutgthe areas of piston 11 and piston 14 are so'proportioned that the amount of air dis laced by the piston 14 in one stroke is su m5 tlally the exact amount of air requireditio fill the cylinder 12 and combustion chamber 13when the piston 11 is at the end of its stroke and cause atmospheric pressure there inthat is, just enough air will be forced by the piston 14 into the cylinder 12 at' the end of the stroke to displace whatever air or products of combustion are contained therein at atmospheric pressure. This downward stroke of the piston or revolution of theshaft;

4 through 180 degrees-from that position- The ports 23 and 24 have been held closed by the valve 21 and no pressure. has been created in thecrank case as is usual inthis type of engine. Further revolution of the 'crank shaft will cause the valve 21 to uncover the port 24 until the revolution shall have proceeded for approximately270 degrees when the valve 21 will be it! the position shown in Fig/IV and the port 24 will be wide open. During this quarter revolution the pistons 11 nnd"14 will be raised, causing the ports 27 and 28 to have shaft; means to prevent a ready passage of fuel. from the fuel pumping chamber into the crank case; means to connect the fuel pumping chamber to the combustion charm her; and a plurality of circular grooves n the piston rod to carry 011 from the crank case into the fuel pumping chamber in suchmanner that the same may be carried with the fuel into the combustion chamber to lubricate the same. i

[WILLARD I. TWOMBLY. Witnesses:

M. Hnesnovirz, M. E. HELLOGK. 

